【新标准大学英语-综合教程2】南京师大编 02-1课堂版
Unit 2 Mixed Feelings
Active Reading 1 How Empathy Unfolds同感是怎样表露的
Starting point
1. 2.
Questions: What are the seven emotions and the six sensory pleasures七情六欲? Discussion: Are you an emotional person? what an emotional person is like
the earliest emotions you can remember in your life
one of the emotions you felt last time (happy, angry, shy, sad, depressed, frightened, annoyed, upset) ?
Phrases and Expressions
Par. 1 2 3 4 5 6 English Expression 1. tears well up 2. teddy bear 3. security blanket 4. small acts of sympathy and caring 5. incidents of empathy in action 6. be traced to 7. the earliest precursor o f empathy 8. developmental psychologist 9. sympathetic distress 10. exist apart from other people 11. react to a disturbance in others 12. seem confused over 13. motor mimicry 14. stem from 15. a physical imitation of another person’s distress 16. evoke the same feelings 17. be distinct from 18. the general plight of another 19. a typical incident 20. whimper to oneself 21. stroke one’s hair 22. pull away 23. diverge from one another in… 24. overall sentivity to sth. 25. keenl aware 26. tune out 27. discipline one’s children 28. call sb.s strong attention to 29. shape children’s empathy 30. develop a repertoire of empathic response Chinese Translation 泪水涌出 玩具熊 安乐毯 表示同情和关爱的细微举动 同感行为/同感举动 追溯到 最初先兆 成长心理学家 同情的苦恼 于其他人而存在 对别人的烦躁不安做出反应 似乎感到不知所措 运动神经模仿 源自 对他人痛苦的一种身体模仿 引起相同的感受 与…有区别 他人的一般困境 一个典型事例 带着哭腔低声自言自语 抚摸头发 躲开 在···各有不同 对···的总体敏感度 感同身受 不予理睬 调教子女/教养子女 让…特别注意到 影响儿童的同感心 培养出一套同感反应行为 Text How Empathy Unfolds同感是怎样表露的
Paragraph 1
1. The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another baby fall, tears welled up in her own eyes and she crawled
off to be comforted by her mother, as though it were she who had been hurt.
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【新标准大学英语-综合教程2】南京师大编 02-1课堂版
Hope was only a nine-month-old. But at the instant another baby had a fall, she seemed to feel the same pain and, with tears in her eyes. she tried to get comfort from her mother
2. Virtually from the day they are born infants are upset when they hear another infant crying – a response some see as
the earliest precursor of empathy. Paragraph 2
3. Developmental psychologists have found that infants feel sympathetic distress even before they fully realize that
they exist apart from other people. Paragraph 3
4. Such motor mimicry, as it is called, is the original technical sense of the word empathy as it was first used in the
1920s by E. B. Titchener, an American psychologist.
5. Titchener's theory was that empathy stemmed from a sort of physical imitation of the distress of another, which
then evokes the same feelings in oneself.
6. He sought a word that would be distinct from sympathy, which can be felt for the general plight of another with no
sharing whatever of what that other person is feeling. Paragraph 4
7. Motor mimicry fades from toddlers' repertoire at around two and a half years, at which point they realize that
someone else's pain is different from their own, and are better able to comfort them. Paragraph 5 Paragraph 6
8. At this point in their development toddlers begin to diverge from one another in their overall sensitivity to other
people's emotional upsets, with some, like Jenny, keenly aware and others tuning out.
Patterns for imitation
1.
The moment sb. does sth.
The moment Hope, just nine months old, saw another baby fall… 2. On doing sth.
On seeing his mother cry, one baby wiped his own eyes, though they had no tears.
Substitution work
Empathy, once known as motor mimicry, originates from physical imitation of others’ distress, which then arouses the same feelings in oneself. Children seem to feel other children’s pain and discomfort from the day they are born—much earlier than they realize they exist as individuals.
By one year old, they start to learn the misery is someone else’s but still seem confused about what to do. At around two and a half years, children may grow out of motor mimicry when they are able to differentiate their own feelings from others’ feelings, so they are able to use other means to comfort others. At the same time, their empathic concern begins to differ from one to another. once orginally originates from stemmed from distress pain/upsets/misery/disturbance/plight/discomfort arouses evokes feel other children’s pain and discomfort feel sympathetic distress the day they are born infancy as individuals. apart from other people misery pain/upsets/plight… children may grow out of motor mimicry motor mimicry fades from toddlers’repertoire differentiate distinguish empathic concern sensivity to other’s emotional upsets different diverge 2 / 2
