状语
1、 to do :引导目的、结果、条件、原因状语
结果：表示出乎意料的结果
He hurried to the school only to find it was Sunday 原因：I’m glad to meet you.
2、 Ving、Ved为状语引导时间、原因、结果、让步、方式状语从句
（），句子 ↓
引导词（Ving/Ved）+句子
Hearing the news ,they all danced for joy=When hearing Ving 表示的结果为自然而然的结果：
Their car was caught in the traffic jam , thus causing the delay
主+Ving/Ved(主格结构)+句子
非谓语做状语一定要与句子存在主谓或者动宾关系 若无关，则用：主（Ving/Ved）,句子，从句，句子
状语从句：
时间状语从句（主将从现） 1、：when , while , as
①When：点时间，从句用一般时态
Be doing when Had done
Be about to +when Be on the point of (后面两项解释为正要)
I was doing my homework when someone knocked at the door.
②：While：段时间，从句常用进行时
I was reading a book while I was doing my homework.
③：as（口语）：一边……一边；随着 As time goes by ,he will realize the truth ↓
With time going by,he will realize the truth
2：before , ,when , since
It be/will be/may be +段时间+before
It is /has been +段时间+since +一般过去时
It be +点时间+when 不久……就：
It won’t long before we meet again
It is 5 years since I lived in Fuzhou ↓（等于）
It is 5 years since I left Fuzhou
It was a cold morning when he arrived It was on a cold morning that he arrived
3：By the time +句子:在……之前
I will have learnt 3500 words by the time I graduate I had learnt 3500 words by the time I graduated
(第一句是用graduate实就是最常见的时间状语从句,主句用将来时从句
用一般时表将来 译为：等我毕业时我将掌握3500个词汇 wii have learnt是将来完成时 。注意第二句是graduated讲的是过去的事情,所以就是到我毕业前我已经掌握了3500个词汇因为掌握发生
在毕业前,过去的过去,所以用过去完成时)
4：一……就：
1） instantly , immediately , directly
immediately I had sat down , he came in
2)conj（连接词）
As soon as ; no sooner……than ; hardly ……when No sooner+ had +主语+Vpp than+一般过去时 Hardly +had +主语|+vpp when +一般过去时
3)名词词组: the moment , the minute , the instant , the second The moment I saw her, I recognized her
4）可以用来引导时间状语从句的名词词组还有： The first / second / last Next / every / each time The day / month / week 5)till / until(可置于句首)
Until you told me I had no idea of it
Not until ：
①：置于句首为半倒装
Not until you told me did I know it
②：放在强调句型中
It was not until you told me that I knew it 6)once 一旦
The water is fine once you are in
辨析：
Be worth (doing/金钱)：
The book is well worth reading
Worthy :Ⅰ、+to be done
Ⅱ、of+①：being done
+②：抽象名词：The book is worthy of our attention
It’s / something worthwhile to do
Be of +adj +抽象名词=adj
原因状语从句：
A： because：原因最强 ； 强调 ；回答why As：十分明显的原因
Since=now that = when = considering = seeing that 对方已知原因 For:补充说明，用于“，”之后
B: in that :在于 （表原因）
地点状语从句：
Where、wherever（where有疑问，wherever无疑问）
定语从句中：where=in which 状语从句中：where≠in which
Please put the things where you can easily find it Where there is a will , there is a way
条件状语从句：
1、 if / unless
He’ll accept the job unless(if not) the salary’s too low
2、 只要，如果： providing , provided (that) , as / so long as On (that) condition that
As long as you keep on trying you will surely succeed 3、假如： suppose / supposing (that) what if In case Carry on umbrella with you in case it rains
p.s: bring 带来 take 带走 fetch :去，带回 4、given that：考虑到
5、祈使句/名词短语 ， and / or /then +简单句（一般将来时） Hurry up or you’ll be late
Find more minutes I’ll finish the work
让步状语从句：
1、 although , though(句中、句尾) , as（只能句中） adj / adv / v / n +as / though +主+谓，句子 old man as he is ,he walks fast
although he is an old man , he walks fast
2、 while (尽管)
while I admit he is not perfect ,I still like him. 3、 wh（）ever / no matter wh()
however / whenever / wherever = no matter how / when / where however hard I tried , I could not read her handwriting
whatever / whichever / whoever → 引导让步状语从句、名词性从句 no matter who / what / which →让步状语从句
whoever(no matter who) you are , you should obey the rule whoever breaks the rule should be punished 4、even if / even though whether ……(or not) Granted（假定） / granting (that)
目的状语从句: 句首 In order that In order to 句中 So that(为了……以便于) As so to In order that we might see the sunrise , we started for the peak early. For fear that / in case / lest =以防
结果状语从句
1、 adj / adv
so adj + a / an + n that many / few +名词词组 much / little + n【u】 so that
such n / (an /a) adj +n
They are (such) little boys that they can’t lift the stone
They are (such) beautiful flower that I can’t help stopping to admire them
2、such as 引导定语从句 / such that 引导结果状语从句 3、so + adj / such + n 置于句首构成半倒装
方式状语从句
As if / as though / as Do as I said.
比较状语从句
形容词比较级 than The n of
A is 倍数 +B As + adj + as Not so + adj +as
Longer than
This road is three times the length of that one As long as
A is to be what/as c is to d
A 与B 的关系如同C与D 的关系
As ①：prep 作为： treat / look on / think of / regard / see ……as ②：adv
③：conj :1)定语从句：解释为正如。充当主语和宾语
2)状语从句：A：as vs with 随着； 原因、让步状语从句，置于句中 B:方式状语从句、比较状语从句
While ①：时间状语从句：而、当 ②：让步状语从句：尽管
When ①：时间状语从句：当 ②：原因状语从句：既然
Since ①：时间状语从句：自从 ②：原因状语从句：既然
解题：
1.判断从句
2.（先行词。n）定语从句
（缺主语或It为形式主语）主语从句 （缺宾语，谓语动词之后）+宾语从句 （系动词）+表语从句=系表
（解释或组合词组）+状语从句。
