上海宁区2019届高三上学期期末教学质量检测英语试题Word版含解析

长宁区2018-2019学年度第一学期期末质量检测试卷

高三英语

(满分140分，完卷时间120分钟)

I. Listening Comprehension Section A (10分)

Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1.

音频

A. At the dress shop. B. At the butcher’s. C. At the hairdresser’s. D. At the grocery store. 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 2.

音频

A. Play the violin. B. Stay at home.

C. Write a composition. D. Attend the concert. 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 3.

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A. $4. B. $31. C. $40. D. $69. 【答案】B 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 4.

音频

A. Someone witnessing a crime. B. A salesman of the shop. C. Someone looking for the robber. D. A friend of the woman. 【答案】A 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 5.

音频

A. How to contact the travel agency. B. Whether her sister has arrived safely. C. Where to find the airline information. D. Why her sister has rescheduled suddenly. 【答案】B 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 6.

音频

A. The suitcase might be taken by mistake. B. The suitcase might not be of good quality. C. The suitcase does not look ideal in size. D. The suitcase seems quite cheap-looking. 【答案】B 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 7.

音频

A. She has never been to Paris before. B. She knows a young man who could be helpful C. Shen remembers very little about Paris. D. She would like to talk about it some other time. 【答案】C 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 8.

音频

A. He can’t show the woman the direction. B. He’s now working in the principal’s office. C. He has met the woman somewhere before. D. He won't wait for his friend at the entrance. 【答案】A 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

9.音频

A. It has been given a new colour. B. Helen has had it checked recently. C. It has been traded for a new one. D. Helen has just rented it from a garage. 【答案】A 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 10.

音频

A. Tom had been preparing the party for long. B. Tom stood out in the job interview in London. C. Tom should have stayed at home for the exam. D. Tom eventually managed to show up at the party. 【答案】D 【解析】

【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。 Question are based on the following passage11.

A. Origin of the Oxford English Dictionary. B. Process of English dictionary publication. C. Introduction of English dictionaries. D. History of Webster Dictionary of English 12.

A. Its reliable sources. B. Its various meanings. C. Its way of invention. D. Its frequency of use. 13.

A. To emphasize the function of a dictionary B. To introduce the meaning of the phrase. C. To illustrate the development of language D. To record the invention of new words. 【答案】11. C 12. D 13. C 【解析】 【11题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。 【12题详解】

音频

此题为听力题，解析略。 【13题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

Question are based on the following passage14.

A. By picturing and adding maps. B. By drawing and measuring points. C. By storing and developing images. D. By comparing and matching faceprints. 15.

A. Banks use it to offer a fast entry B. It can only be used with permission C. Companies use it for security D. It can be used to meet customer's needs. 16.

A. Flexible B. Neutral C. Positive D. Critical 【答案】14. D 15. D 16. C 【解析】 【14题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。 【15题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。 【16题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

Question are based on the following passage17.

A. It is not imaginative B. It is not practical C. It is not time saving D. It is not love sending. 18.

A. By giving it to someone else B. By refusing to accept it. C. By trading it for a gift card D. By leaving it aside. 19.

音频 音频

A. The woman has been convinced. B. The man is direct and grateful. C. The man truly loves snow globes D. The woman picks gift at random. 20.

A. Practical suggestion on gift giving B. Different opinions on gift giving. C. Easy ways of buying thoughtful gifts. D. Happy moments of getting gifts. 【答案】17. A 18. B 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【17题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。 【18题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。 【19题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。 【20题详解】

此题为听力题，解析略。

Ⅱ.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A

Direction: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.

Planting Patriotism

Young boys are not easily shocked, but 12-year-old Preston Sharp sure knows the feeling.

“Yeah, I was surprised and even disappointed, ” Preston said , Preston’s mom , April Sharp said , “It is the first time I ___21___ (see) him like this angry and passionate.”

What upset her son so much was visiting his grandpa’s grave in Redding, California ,and realizing that not every veteran(老兵) in the cemetery has a flag. So April told him “son, ___22___you are going to complain about something , you have to do something about it or let it go”

Next thing April knew，Preston was taking on odd jobs and asking for donations___23___(buy)flags and flowers for every veteran in his grandpa’s cemetery. And when that cemetery___24___ (cover),he moved on to another，and then another.

Here we are，nearly three years and about 65,000graves later. He does it every week___25___the weather is like, rain or shine---especially rain，”They were out there in the rain doing their job, ___26___ (protect)us,” Preston said. His devotion is infections.

When word gets out___27___Preston will be at a cemetery---he has a page，Preston Sharp/Vet flags and Flowers---people，like Vietnam veteran Fred Loveland, feel___28___ (oblige)to join in.” It’s amazing.” Loveland said.” What he’s doing brings___29___out because we can’t believe a young man in this country is doing what he does，”It is a movement of young and old，of those who served and those who are so grateful for what they did，all led by a proud grandson____30____saw an injustice and decided to do something about it. 【答案】21. have seen 22. if/what/whenever

23. to buy 24. was covered/had been covered 25. whatever 26. protecting 27. that 28. obliged 29. us 30. who/that 【解析】 【分析】

本文为记叙文。作者讲述了自己的儿子在拜访他的爷爷的坟墓后，自发打工、募捐去给每个老兵的墓地购置国旗和鲜花的故事。 【21题详解】

考查时态。句型：It is the first time that…“这是某人第一次做某事”，从句谓语动词要求使用现在完成时。故填have seen。 【22题详解】

考查从属连词。根据语境此处有三种翻译：“儿子，如果你要抱怨什么，你就得做点什么，否则你就放手。”“儿子，你要抱怨什么，你就得做点什么，否则你就放手。”“儿子，不管你是想抱怨什么，你必须做点什么，否则就放手。”故填if/what/whenever。 【23题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：阿普丽尔知道的下一件事是，普雷斯顿开始打零工，请求捐款为祖父墓地里的每一位老兵买国旗和鲜花。根据句意可知，此处应使用不定式表目的。故填to buy。

【24题详解】

考查语态。句意：当那块墓地被覆盖了后，他又开始了另一个、另一个。根据语境可知，此处应使用被动语态，时态则可使用一般过去时或过去完成时（表示该动作发生在moved之前）。故填was covered/had been covered。 【25题详解】

考查让步状语从句。句意：他每周都这样，不管天气如何，无论下雨还是晴天——尤其是雨天也是如此。根据语境可知，此处为让步状语从句，修饰名词the weather，意为“无论什么天气”。故填whatever。 【26题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：他们在雨中做他们的工作,保护我们。此处与主语they构成逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词做状语。故填protecting。 【27题详解】

考查同位语从句。句意：有消息说普雷斯顿会去墓地。此处为word的同位语从句，从句句子成分齐全，应使用关系代词that引导。故填that。 【28题详解】

考查形容词。句意：觉得有必要加入进来。obliged“必须的，感激的，有责任的”。故填obliged。 【29题详解】

考查代词。句意：他在做什么让我们因为我们不能相信一个年轻人在这个国家做他所做的。根据句意可知，此处指“我们”，做bring的宾语。故填us。 【30题详解】

考查定语从句。此处修饰先行词a proud grandson，关联词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。

【点睛】whatever可以引导的两类从句：

1. 引导名词性从句（主要是引导主语从句和宾语从句），其意相当于anything that或everything that。如：Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是对的。

He does whatever she asks him to do. 她要他做什么，他就做什么。 I will just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。

2.引导让步状语从句，其意相当于no matter what。如：Whatever happens, don’t forget to write. 无论怎样别忘了写信。

Whatever you say, I won’t believe you. 不管你说什么，我决不相信你的话。

引导让步状语从句时，从句谓语有时可以用“may+动词原形”代替一般现在时。如： Keep calm, whatever happens [may happen]. 无论发生什么事都要保持冷静。

Whatever reasons he gives [may give], they can only be excuses. 无论他提出什么理由，那只可能是借口。 注意：

1. 有时还可省略状语从句中的动词be。如：

He’ll come whatever the weather (is). 无论天气如何，他都会来(www.yygrammar.com)。 The building must be saved, whatever the cost (is). 一定要挽救这座建筑，不管花多大代价。

2. 有时whatever用作形容词，在其后跟一个被修饰的名词。如：I am willing to pay whatever price you ask. 不管你要价多少，我都愿意付。

Take whatever magazines you want to read. 任何你想看的杂志都可以取阅。

Section B

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box, Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Aurora(极光):wonders or disturbances

Canada，February 2017:I stood in the snow on a frozen lake, watching as the sky twisted in front of me. Green bands of light ___31___ out in the darkness. Slowly the colours twisted and broke and reappeared elsewhere until, suddenly, a whole band flowed and pulsed across the sky, ___32___ with delicate yellow. pinks and purples. It was as dramatic as thunderstorm, yet calm.Gentle,yet___33___,Most of all, it was a gift. This was my fifth aurora trip and the first time I had seen fast movements and bright colours.The calm green auroral displays that many people see are driven by a(n)_____34_____ stream of particles(微 )from called the solar wind. But when the sun throws us extra hot fast particles, this process goes overdrive-we get much more movement and colour. It is glorious! Aurora-spotters long for it

But for some, the wild movements of the heavens can have serious ___35___Satellites' electronics are affected or damaged by incoming fast particlies,___36___industries that rely on them. Flights may need to change course to avoid radio ___37___ around the poles, or to protect aircrew from enhanced radiation exposure. During a solar storm，aircrew may receive their annual radiation limit over a single flight.

Stormy space weather affects us on the ground，too. A larger storm in 19 caused a 10-hour electrical blackout over Canada's Quebec Province, costing the economy a(n)____38____ C$10 billion. Disturbance of the atmosphere causes problems with radio broadcast and GPS. In September 2017,a huge solar fame _____39_____ just as

Hurricane lran hit the Caribbean. The resultant HF radio blackout held up the emergency response. Meanwhile，beautiful aurora displays were seen in England. Place its beauty aside，then, and the

auroral_____40_____is nothing other than a giant planetary disturbance, more of a worry than a wonder for some people. Yet seldom do such disturbances have such fascinating side effects as that of the aurora dancing across our Arctic skies.

【答案】31. J 32. B 33. A 34. E 35. D 36. K 37. C 38. F 39. G 40. I 【解析】

本文为介绍说明文。文章描述了极光的奇幻变化，介绍了极光产生的原因及对人类造成的各种影响。 【31题详解】

句意：绿色的光带在黑暗中伸展开来。J. stretched“伸展，张开”。故J选项正确。 【32题详解】

句意：慢慢地，色彩扭曲、断裂，又重新出现在别的地方，直到突然间，一条完整的光带在天空中流动、脉动，周围点缀着淡黄、粉红和紫色。B. bordered“在……上镶边”。故B选项正确。 【33题详解】

句意：温柔，却又令人惊讶。A. astonishing“惊人的，令人惊讶的”。故A选项正确。 【34题详解】

句意：许多人看到的平静的绿色极光是由一种叫做太阳风的粒子流驱动的。E. constant“不变的，恒定的，经常的”。故E选项正确。 【35题详解】

D. consequences“结果”。句意：但对一些人来说，天空的剧烈运动可能会带来严重的后果。故D选项正确。 【36题详解】

句意：卫星的电子设备会受到入射的快速粒子的影响或损坏，扰乱依赖它们的工业。K. upsetting“使心烦，，扰乱”。故K选项正确。

【37题详解】

句意：飞行可能需要改变航线，以避免两极附近的无线电信号中断，或保护机组人员免受更强的辐射。C. blackouts“灯火管制，停电”。故C选项正确。 【38题详解】

句意：一场更大的风暴在加拿大魁北克省造成了长达10小时的停电，估计造成了100亿加元的经济损失。F. estimated“估计的，预计的，估算的”。故F选项正确。 【39题详解】

句意：2017年9月，一场巨大的太阳爆炸，就像飓风登陆加勒比海一样。G. exploded“爆炸”。故G选项正确。 【40题详解】

句意：极光过程只不过是一个巨大的行星扰动。I. process“过程”。故I选项正确。

Ill. Reading Comprehension Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Marmoset monkeys exist on a branch of the evolutionary tree that is distinct from the one that led to mans. But they constantly astonish researchers with ____41____ behavior that seems pretty highly evolved. Their social organization and ____42____ practices could have been the model for the phrase “It takes a village.” A dominant male and female breed, and their babies are carefully looked after by extended family members who then aren't free to breed themselves.

A new study further ____43____ the marmoset’s reputation for admirable community values. Researchers report that these caregivers share their food more generously with little ones ____44____ than when they’re surrounded by the watchful eyes of other community members. In complex societies where individuals band together for ___45___ protection, researchers have come up with a few widely accepted explanations for selfless behavior. But specific acts, like sharing a delicious cricket(蟋蟀) with a begging baby marmoset, seem to need more ___46___ explanation

One possibility is that an individual practices ___47___ as a means of enhancing his status among peers. By ___48___ that he is so well gifted with material goods that he can give some away, this do-gooder enhances his power within the group. That, in turn, may ___49___ prospective mates. The other explanation for charitable behavior

___50___ that kindnesses extended to others are simply the fees of group membership, which offers some future promise of a chance to mate. Failure to share would result in exclusion from the group and a loss of ___51___ partners. Scientists call this the “pay to stay” model. Importantly, for both of these models to work, acts of kindness must have a(n) ___52___. That suggests you would see more sharing in group settings; away from judging eyes, a caregiver might be more likely to keep food for himself or herself. And yet, in 2,581 tests conducted with 31 adult and 14 baby marmosets, the ___53___ appeared to be true

Anthropologists (人类学家) from the University of Zurich carefully documented how often, in groups and in conditions that found caregiver and baby separated from the crowd, an adult would share his or her cricket. When alone with a baby begging for a taste, adult marmosets shared their cricket 85% of the time. When in a group, caregivers offered up their cricket 67% of the time.” Our results show that helping in common marmosets is not driven by reputation management or ___54___ avoidance, “ the study authors reported Rather, it is driven by a deep-down motivation to help that is more ___55___ expressed when individuals are alone with young.” 41. A. animal B. careful C. social D. individual

42. A. evolving B. communicating C. organizing D. parenting 43. A. shines B. damages C. affects D. protests

44. A. at play B. in private C. on schedule D. by accident 45. A. adequate B. effective C. continual D. mutual 46. A. creative B. complex C. specific D. official

47. A. generosity B. wisdom C. independence D. governance 48. A. promising B. demonstrating C. pretending D. explaining 49. A. count on B. go after C. appeal to D. benefit from 50. A. assumes B. confirms C. enhances D. concludes 51. A. regular B. dominant C. potential D. previous 52. A. atmosphere B. audience C. feedback D. judge 53. A. statistics B. expectation C. argument D. opposite 54. A. responsibility B. punishment C. arrangement D. difficulty 55. A. strongly B. causally C. delicately D. fearlessly

【答案】41. C 42. D 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. C 52. B 53. D 54. B 55. A

【解析】 【分析】

本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了科研人员对狨猴的研究发现。它们不断地以看似高度进化的行为让研究人员大吃一惊。 【41题详解】

考查形容词辨析。A. animal动物的；B. careful仔细的；C. social社会的；D. individual个人的。句意：但它们不断地以高度进化的社会行为让研究人员大吃一惊。故C选项正确。 【42题详解】

考查动词辨析。A. evolving进化,展开；B. communicating交流；C. organizing组织；D. parenting抚养。句意：他们的社会组织和为人父母的做法可以成为“一个村庄”的模式。故D选项正确。 【43题详解】

考查动词辨析。A. shines照耀，显露；B. damages损坏；C. affects影响；D. protests。句意：一项新的研究进一步彰显了狨猴令人钦佩的社会价值观。故A选项正确。 【44题详解】

考查介词短语辨析。A. at play在起作用；B. in private私底下；C. on schedule按计划；D. by accident偶然。句意：研究人员报告说，这些看护人在私下里与孩子分享食物时，比在其他社区成员的注视下更慷慨。。故B选项正确。 【45题详解】

考查形容词辨析。A. adequate充足的；B. effective有效的；C. continual持续的；D. mutual共同的，相互的。句意：在复杂的社会中，人们为了相互保护而团结在一起，研究人员为无私的行为提出了一些被广泛接受的解释。故D选项正确。 【46题详解】

考查形容词辨析。A. creative创新的；B. complex复杂的；C. specific特定的；D. official官方的。句意：具体的行为，比如与一只乞讨的小狨猴分享美味的蟋蟀，似乎需要更具体的解释。故C选项正确。 【47题详解】

考查名词辨析。A. generosity慷慨，大方；B. wisdom智慧；C. independence；D. governance管理。句意：一种可能性是，一个人通过慷慨大方来提高自己在同龄人中的地位。故A选项正确。 【48题详解】

考查动词辨析。A. promising许诺；B. demonstrating证明，展示；C. pretending假装；D. explaining解释。句

意：通过展示他在物质方面的天赋，他可以分享一些东西，这可以增强他在团队中的力量。故B选项正确。 【49题详解】

考查动词辨析。A. count on指望；B. go after追求；C. appeal to吸引；D. benefit from受益于。句意：这反过来可能会吸引未来的伴侣。故C选项正确。 【50题详解】

考查动词辨析。A. assumes假定，设想；B. confirms证实；C. enhances提高；D. concludes总结。句意：对慈善行为的另一种解释设想是，对他人的善意只是团体成员的费用，这为未来提供了一些交配的机会。故A选项正确。 【51题详解】

考查形容词辨析。A. regular常规的；B. dominant支配的；C. potential潜在的；D. previous先前的。句意：不分享会导致被排斥在群体之外，失去潜在的伙伴。故C选项正确。 【52题详解】

考查名词辨析。A. atmosphere氛围；B. audience观众；C. feedback反馈；D. judge法官。句意：重要的是，要使这两种模式奏效，善举必须有观众。故B选项正确。 【53题详解】

考查名词辨析。A. statistics统计；B. expectation期望；C. argument论点；D. opposite。句意：然而，在对31只成年狨猴和14只幼狨猴进行的2581项测试中，结果似乎正好相反。故D选项正确。 【54题详解】

考查名词辨析。A. responsibility责任；B. punishment惩罚；C. arrangement安排；D. difficulty困难。句意：我们的研究结果表明，帮助普通狨猴并不是由声誉管理或逃避惩罚来驱动的。故B选项正确。 【55题详解】

考查副词辨析。A. strongly强烈地；B. causally有原因地；C. delicately精致地；D. fearlessly勇敢地。句意：相反，它是由一种帮助他人的深层动机驱动的，这种动机在与年轻人独处时表现得更为强烈。故A选项正确。

【点睛】完型填空是测试考生英语水平的最重要的题型之一，也是得分率较低的题型之一。完形填空着重考查对文章的整体理解和词汇意义，包括惯用法。多数题要求考生以语篇为线索，对文章进行通篇理解，正确把握上下文语境的逻辑关系。在解题的时候，我们一定要根据前后词语的相互关系，联系上下文，有时要结合常识，才能确定正确的选项。如第1小题，根据下文Their social organization and ____2____ practices could have been the model for the phrase “It takes a village.”可知，此处指“但它们不断地以高度进化的社会行

为让研究人员大吃一惊”。由此可知，正确答案。

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. choose the one that fits best according to the Information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

What to endure before publication?

It takes a lot to write a novel. Even those who haven’t tried would say, “Well, duh!” to this. But it’s not much the mind space or the considerable time it takes to write a novel that is as discouraging as how many times any writer must go back to the drawing board for yet another draft. To really ready a novel for publication, a writer must spend time with his or her book. Like any promising relationship, you, the writer , must date your novel, take it out to dinner, meet its parents, and see it through its most trying and desperate times. As a writer, you have to stay up all night with your novel crying and talking and sometimes even pulling your hair out before that perfect moment of inspiration can truly help you cross the finish line.

For many published authors I know, myself included, a completed novel takes them about 10, that’s right, 10 drafts, and at least a year of real editing. Will you be spending every single second editing your novel? No, of course not. Just as drafts need some real time on the surgery table, they also need rest in the recovery room. You don’t nurse a relationship by spending every waking second with them until you can’t stand the sight of each other, and you can’t produce a novel by breathing down its literary neck. However, a novel should undergo many drafts---and different kinds of drafts—before declaring it ready for an agent or editor to see.

Everyone has their own way to write a novel, and not all craft advice (or even craft “rules”) should all be followed by everyone, but when it comes to the many drafts of a novel, there are specific things a writer should focus on during each revision to help create a smooth transition from the initial idea to final products. 56. People are discouraged from writing a novel mainly because it requires _____. A. a good publisher B. too much thinking C. tons of working time D. frequent revisions 57. What do writers do in the course of creating a novel?

A. They spend every minute with the novel. B. They treat the novel as a lover. C. They go out with some readers for dinner. D. They hurt themselves to stay awake.

58. By “breathing down its literary neck” in Paragraph 2, the author most probably means _____. A. writing casually thus failing to take readers’ breath away B. letting go a single mistake thus annoying the readers C. X-raying the work thus finding each literary mistake D. sticking too close to the work thus causing anxiety

59. Which of the following is most likely to come after the last paragraph? A. The importance of using proper transitional words in writing. B. The writing experience shared by famous successful write. C. Tips on how to make ten drafts to complete a good novel. D. Setbacks writers may suffer if ignoring the craft advice. 【答案】56. D 57. B 58. D 59. C 【解析】

本文为介绍说明文。写小说要花很多时间，一部小说在出版前，需要进行不断的修改再修改。 【56题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的But it’s not much the mind space or the considerable time it takes to write a novel that is as discouraging as how many times any writer must go back to the drawing board for yet another draft.（但是，写一部小说所花费的时间和精神空间并没有多大的差别，因为任何一个作家要想再写一篇小说，有多少次不得不回到草稿板上重新开始写作，这就会让人沮丧。）可知，人们不愿写小说，主要是因为它需要频繁的修改。故D选项正确。 【57题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中的Like any promising relationship, you, the writer , must date your novel, take it out to dinner, meet its parents, and see it through its most trying and desperate times.（就像任何一段有前途的恋情一样，作为作家，你必须和你的小说约会，带它出去吃晚饭，见它的父母，经历它最艰难和绝望的时刻。）可知，作家在创作小说的过程中会把自己的小说当作情人一样对待。故B选项正确。 【58题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中的You don’t nurse a relationship by spending every waking second with them until you can’t stand the sight of each other（你不会把醒着的每一秒钟都花在他们身上，直到你无法忍受对方的存在）可推知，写小说也是这样，通过死死盯着的方式会让人产生厌烦的情绪。故D选项正确。 【59题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的there are specific things a writer should focus on during each revision to help create a smooth transition from the initial idea to final products.（在每次修改的过程中，作者都应该关注一些具体的事情，以帮助创建从最初想法到最终产品的平稳过渡。）可推知，接下来极可能会谈论一些关于如何通过打草稿来完成一部好小说的建议。故C选项正确。

(B)

Top Six Most Challenged Books in 2017

Office for Intellectual Freedom (OIF) in the States tracked 354 challenges (formal attempts to remove or restrict access to library materials and services) to library, school, and university materials and services in2017. Some individual challenges resulted in requests to restrict or remove multiple titles. Overall, 416 books were targeted. Here are the \"Top Six Most Challenged Books in 2017”.

Thirteen Reasons Why By Jay Asher Originally published in 2007. this New York Times bestseller has resurfaced as a 1 debatable book after Netflix aired a TV series by the same name. This young adult novel was challenged and banned in multiple school districts, for it discusses self-killing. Drama Written and illustrated By Raina Telgemeier 2 This Stonewall Honor Award-winning, 2012 graphic novel from a much-admired cartoonist was challenged and 5 To Kill a Mockingbird By Harper Lee This Pulitzer Prize-winning novel, considered an America classical, was challenged and banned because of violence and its use of the N-word to insult 4 GEORGE By Alex Gino Written for elementary-age children, this Lambda Literary Award winner was challenged and banned because it includes a transgender child. banned in school libraries because it includes confused sexual orientation characters and was considered \"confusing.” black people. The Hate U Give The Kite Runner By Angie Thomas By Khaled Hosseini Despite winning multiple This multigenerational awards and being the most novel praised by many critics searched-for book on Goodreads 3 was challenged and banned because it includes sexual young adult novel was challenged violence and was thought to and banned in school libraries and \"lead to 'terrorism\" and curricular because of drug use and \"promote IsIam.” offensive language.

60. These six most challenged books are all________ A. prize winners or well received by the public B. written for curious young adults in schools C. banned and challenged in nationwide libraries D. involved with violence and aggressive language

61. Which of the following would be removed from school libraries to avoid misleading kids into racialism? A. The Hate U Give B. To Kill a Mocking bird C. The Kite Runner D. Thirteen Reasons Way

62. It can be concluded from the passage that in the States_______

A. OIF is responsible for the challenges reported from local schools and universities B. the government is challenged by intellectual freedom in public materials and services

6 during its debut(首秀) year, this C. issues like mental illness, drug use and sex education really concern the government D. best sellers and prize winners are often questioned and rejected by the public 【答案】60. A 61. B 62. C 【解析】 【分析】

本文为介绍说明文。美国知识自由办公室(OIF)对2017年图书馆、学校和大学材料和服务的354项挑战进行了跟踪调查，推选出“2017年最具挑战性的六本书”。 【60题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章中对“2017年最具挑战性的六本书”的介绍可知，这六本书都是获奖或深受市民欢迎的书籍。故A选项正确。 【61题详解】

细节理解题。根据第5部分To Kill a Mockingbird By Harper Lee中的was challenged and banned because of violence and its use of the N-word to insult black people.（因为暴力和使用黑鬼一词侮辱黑人而受到挑战和禁止）可知，为避免误导孩子们接受种族歧视，To Kill a Mocking bird将会从学校图书馆中移除。故B选项正确。 【62题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章中对“2017年最具挑战性的六本书”遭到禁止的原因描述可知，这些书被禁止是因为含有自杀、性别定向、性暴力、毒品、种族歧视等内容，由此可知，美国关注精神疾病、吸毒和性教育等问题。故C选项正确。

【点睛】阅读理解所设试题主要考察细节查找，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查题干和原文的异同，常犯错误有：绝对化语言，范围扩大或缩小，以偏概全，张冠李戴等。考生首先要浏览短文后的小题题干，标出关键词（组），带着问题去阅读，能够做到心中有数，目的明确；然后再仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握细节信息，并在标出能得出答案的有效信息。如第1小题These six most challenged books are all______，要求读者判定这六本书的共同点是什么。根据文章中对“2017年最具挑战性的六本书”的介绍Thirteen Reasons Why By Jay Asher部分中的Originally published in 2007, this New York Times bestseller…；Drama Written and illustrated By Raina Telgemeier部分中的This Stonewall Honor Award-winning, 2012 graphic novel from a much-admired cartoonist…；The Kite Runner By Khaled Hosseini部分中的This multigenerational novel praised by many critics…; GEORGE By Alex Gino部分中的this Lambda Literary Award winner was challenged…；To Kill a Mockingbird By Harper Lee部分中的This Pulitzer Prize-winning novel；The Hate U Give

By Angie Thomas部分中的Despite winning multiple awards and being the most searched-for book on Goodreads during its debut(首秀) year,可知，这六本书都是获奖或深受市民欢迎的书籍。做阅读理解题时，一定要细心，这样才能准确找到正确答案。

(C)

The term ‘dark tourism’ is far newer than the practice, which long predates Pompeii's emergence as a dark attraction. Dr Philip Stone, perhaps the world's leading academic expert on dark tourism, considers the Roman Colosseum to be one of first dark tourist sites, where people travelled long distances to watch death as sport. Later, until the late 18\" century, the appeal was crueler still in central London, where people paid money to sit in grandstands to watch mass hangings. Dealers would sell pies at the site, which was roughly where Marble Arch stands today.

It was only in 1996 that ‘dark tourism' entered the scholarly vocabulary when two academics in Glasgow applied it while looking at sites associated with the murder of John F.Kennedy. Those who study dark tourism identify plenty of reasons for the growing phenomenon, including raised awareness of it as an identifiable thing. Access to sites has also improved with the arrival of cheap air travel. It's hard to imagine that the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial and museum would now welcome mare than two million visitors a year were it not for its nearness to Krakow's international airport. Peter Hohenhaus, a widely travelled dark tourist based in Vienna,also points to the broader rise in off-the-beaten track tourism,beyond the territory of popular guidebooks and TripAdvisor rankings. ‘A lot of people don't want mainstream tourism and that often means engaging with places that have a more recent history than, say,a Roman ruin.\" he says.\"You go to Sarajevo and most people remember the war being in the news so if feels closer to one’s owe biography(传记)”

Hohenhaus is also a fan of‘ beauty in decay’, the contemporary cultural movement in which urban ruins have become subject matter for expensive coffee-table books and a thousand lnstagram(照片墙)accounts. The crossover with death is clear.“I have always been drawn to ruined things,\" the 54-year-old says. But while, like any tourism, dark tourism at its best is educational, the example of Grenfell Tower (a London tower block,destroyed by a fire in 2017 with 7l deaths) hints at the unease felt at some sites.“I remember the Lonely Planet Bluelist book had a chapter about dark tourism a while ago and one of the rules was 'don't go back too early'.\"Hohenhaus says.“I'll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close.I can see the attraction.But I would not stand in the street taking a selfie(自拍)merrily.” 63. 'Dark tourism' can be defined as tourism involving travel to places____________ A. hardly having access to in ancient times

B. with a history even before human civilization C. historically related to death and tragedy D. in Europe famous for cruel but exciting sports . Dark tourism came into sight when_________.

A. scholars finally revealed secrets about some historical events B. people were no more satisfied with ordinary tourist destinations C. road transportation was able to take people around the world D. researchers realized the significance of sustainable tourism 65. What is implied in Hohenhaus' words in the last paragraph? A. People fail to get lessons from disasters causing terrible loss. B. The media are publicizing the modern city ruins improperly. C. Visitors are free to take selfies with the ‘beauty of decay’. D. Some tourists show a lack of respect for dark tourist sites. 66. Which of the following best serves as the title of this passage? A. Morality mirrored in tourism B. Tourism boomed with tragedies C. Ranking of dark tourism sites D. Proper attitudes to dark tourism 【答案】63. C . B 65. D 66. B 【解析】

本文为介绍说明文。文章介绍了什么是“黑暗旅游”及其流行的原因。 【63题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章中对Pompeii's emergence, Roman Colosseum, the Auschwitz-Birkenau memorial and museum, Grenfell Tower (a London tower block, destroyed by a fire in 2017 with 7l deaths)等黑暗旅游景点的介绍可推知，“黑暗旅游”是到涉及到历史上与死亡和悲剧有关的地方参观的旅游。故C选项正确。 【题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中的A lot of people don't want mainstream tourism and that often means engaging with places that have a more recent history than, say, a Roman ruin.（很多人都不想要主流的旅游，这就意味着要和那些有近代历史的地方打交道，比如说，罗马的废墟）可知，当人们不再满足于普通的旅游目的地时，黑

色旅游就出现了。故B选项正确。 【65题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中的I'll be interested to see Grenfell Tower up close. I can see the attraction. But I would not stand in the street taking a selfie(自拍)merrily.（我很想近距离看看格伦费尔塔。我能看到它的吸引力。但我不会高兴地站在街上自拍。）可推知，一些游客在黑暗旅游景点里愉悦的自拍，是对黑暗景点的不尊重。故D选项正确。 【66题详解】

标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍“黑暗旅游”是到涉及到历史上与死亡和悲剧有关的地方参观的旅游及其流行的原因。因此，B项“因悲剧而繁荣的旅游业”适合做本文最佳标题。故B选项正确。

Section C

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Why I stopped worrying about my credit score?

If you believed everything you read about your credit score, you'd think it was the most important component of your financial health. Without a good credit score and history, the experts say, it's more difficult qualify for a mortgage(按揭)or a car loan-and more expensive if you're approved for a loan, too, because you won't get the best interest rates. In many states, bad credit can even raise your insurance payments, cost you a rental apartment, or make it harder to get hired. ____67____

First off, there are several credit scores out there. While it's important to cultivate your credit scores by using credit responsibly, your FICO credit score may not be the same as what VantageScore reports, and lenders may use a different one entirely, so focusing on one score can be a fruitless exercise. More important as financial reporter Dave Ramsey notes on his blog, your credit score is not a measure of your overall financial health. He writes:\"___68___\"

FICO, the most popular credit-scoring agency, users several weighted factors to determine your credit score, including payment history (35 percent), amounts owed (30 percent), length of credit history (15 percent), new credit (10 percent), and credit mix (10 percent). ____69____My husband and I enjoyed steady credit scores above 820 for a while. But when we paid off one of our rental properties in 2017, we both saw our credit scores fall by 20 or more points. The sudden drop took place because we completed a 15-year loan and reduced the average length of our credit history tremendously. ____70____ That’s blackmail. I would rather be debt-free than have a perfect credit score.

Your credit score is certainly important when you’re starting out and likely to borrow money for a down payment (首付) on a home or some other big purchase. But once you’re fairly established financially, it’s much easier to see it for what it really is: a measure of how well you borrow money.

【答案】67. F 68. C 69. D 70. A 【解析】 【分析】

本文为议论文。作者通过自己的经历，论述了信用评分会对人们产生哪些影响、有哪些因素会影响到我们的信用评分，同时信用评分又存在什么问题。 【67题详解】

考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文提到的不良信用评分和历史、不良贷款会给你带来的麻烦，及下文“更重要的是，正如金融记者戴夫•拉姆齐在博客中指出的那样，你的信用评分并不能衡量你的整体财务健康状况。”可知，F项“虽然这些都是事实，但并不能说明全部”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。 【68题详解】

考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文“你的信用评分并不能衡量你的整体财务健康状况。”可知，C项“它告诉你的只是你是否擅长借钱和还钱。”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。 【69题详解】

考查上下文及句意理解。根据下文“但当我们在2017年付清其中一套租赁房产时，我们俩的信用评分都下降了20分或更多。”可知，D项“信不信由你，这些标准会让你因无债一身轻而受到惩罚！”符合此处语境。故D选项正确。 【70题详解】

考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文“之所以出现这种突然的下降，是因为我们完成了一笔15年的贷款，大大缩短了信贷历史的平均长度。”可知，A项“换句话说，因为我们还清了贷款，结束了一项信用额度，我们的分数受到了影响。”符合此处语境。故A选项正确。

【点睛】六选四题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。在这里提醒同学们，首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。一定要注

意文章开头的段落，文章第一段一般是主题段，会点明一篇文章要讲述的内容，做到心中有数；注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境。例如第5小题，根据上文The sudden drop took place because we completed a 15-year loan and reduced the average length of our credit history tremendously.可知，我们信用评分之所以出现这种突然的下降，是因为我们完成了一笔15年的贷款，大大缩短了信贷历史的平均长度。A项“换句话说，因为我们还清了贷款，结束了一项信用额度，我们的分数受到了影响。”符合此处语境。

Ⅳ. Summary Writing

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Take care of your spine (脊柱)

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

The spine stands at the center of your health, providing your body with structure and support. It also contains your spinal cord, a massive collection of nerves conveying electric signals from the rest of your body to your brain. Since your spine is so central to your health, it’s important to look after it.

Maintaining good posture (姿势) is one of the most important things you can do to keep your spine healthy. Proper posture means standing or sitting while keeping your spine straight, except for its natural curves. Posture comes into play even when you’re asleep. Sleeping on your side puts less stress on your spine than most other positions. Staying still for too long—even if your posture is good—can be hard on your back. Especially if you work at a desk most of the day, it’s important to get up and stretch periodically.

Exercise is also an important factor in the health of your spine. Stretch can help the muscles around your spine relax and allow bones to shift into better arrangement. Strength exercises like pushups can also help by strengthening the muscles around your spine. However, don’t overdo the exercise, as repeated motions can stain the muscles around your spine.

Finally, your diet affects the health of your spine because many vitamins are necessary for bones and nerves. In particular, B vitamins and omega-3 fatty acids help keep nerves healthy, so you may want to consider taking a supplement. Another important factor is vitamin D, which is essential for strong bones. Vitamin D can come from some foods, but it’s also absorbed from sunlight, so it may help to do some of those back exercises outside.

Many of the actions necessary to keep your spine healthy are identical to those used to preserve your health in

other ways. So protect our back, and the rest of body will benefit.

_______________________________________________________________________________71_______________________________________________________________________________

【答案】How can you look after your spine to enjoy good health? First, avoid poor posture and long-term motionlessness whether you’re standing, sitting or lying. Second, do some stretching and strengthening exercise. Finally, keep a diet rich in vitamins supplemented with some extra ones if necessary and outdoor back exercise. 【解析】 【分析】

本文为议论文。文章论述了脊柱是你健康的中心，为你的身体提供结构和支撑，我们应该如何保持脊椎的健康。

【详解】本文考查概要写作。首先要写文章要点。本篇文章第一段引出话题：你的脊柱对你的健康至关重要，那么照顾好它是很重要的；第二段指出保持良好姿势是保持你的脊椎健康的最重要的一件事，包括你的站姿、坐姿和卧姿；第三段指出适当正确的运动也是脊椎健康的重要因素；第四段指出饮食会影响你脊椎的健康，因为许生素是骨骼和神经所必需的；最后一段再次强调保护我们的背部的意义。书写时注意使用适当的连接词连接这些要点，使上下句之间具有连贯性。概要写作的基础是理解语篇，而读懂语篇的基础是词汇，尤其是对关键词汇的掌握与运用。在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，就可以写出很好的概要。

V.Translation

Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 72. 任何人都不可能轻而易举获得成功。(ease) ________________________

73. 遇到紧急情况一定要冷静，否则可能会造成严重后果。(or) ________________________

74. 我们只有学会尊重人际间的差异，才能避免误会，与他人建立和谐的关系。(Only) ________________________

(reward 75. 令教练欣慰的是，整个辩论队齐心协力，克服了遇到的各种困难，最终所有的努力都得到了回报。v.)

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【答案】72. It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with ease.

73. Keep calm/ Calm down in emergency, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences.

74. Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others.

75. To the coach’s relief, all the debate/debating team members have worked together/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded. 【解析】 【72题详解】

本句关键词（组）：achieve success“取得成功”，with ease“熟练地；不费力地”。根据句意可知，此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故译为It is impossible for anyone to achieve success with ease./ Nobody can achieve success with ease. 【73题详解】

本句关键词（组）：keep calm/ calm down“保持冷静”，emergency“紧急情况”，bring about/cause serious consequences“造成严重后果”。根据句意及提示可知，此处应使用句型：“祈使句，or+将来时的句子”。故译为Keep calm/ Calm down in emergency, or it can bring about/cause serious consequences. 【74题详解】

本句关键词（组）：interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people“人际间的差异”，avoid misunderstanding“避免误会”，build harmonious relationships with others“与他人建立和谐的关系”。only位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装结构。故译为Only by learning to respect interpersonal differences/differences between(among) people can we avoid misunderstanding and build harmonious relationships with others. 【75题详解】

本句关键词（组）：to the coach’s relief“令教练欣慰的是”，worked together/cooperated“齐心协力”，overcome various difficulties“克服各种困难”，meet with/ encounter/come across“遇到”。根据句意及提示可知，此处主句应使用现在完成时。故译为To the coach’s relief, all the debate/debating team members have worked together/cooperated to overcome various difficulties they met with/encountered/came across, and all their efforts have finally been rewarded.

VI.Guided Writing

76.Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学的高三学生王蕾。学校正在招募话剧团(drama club)和机器人社团(robot blub)新成员。你在日记中表达获知该消息时的感受，做出选择，并阐述理由。

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th

【答案】September 6, 2018 Sunny

Knowing that Drama Club and Robot Club are taking in new members, I am excited and consider joining them. First, I am fond of performing and I used to take an active part in our class plays. Joining Drama Club, I will have chances to put on performances on different occasions and make many friends who have the same interest with me.

Second, I am deeply interested in advanced technologies, especially the robot. Robot Club can give me chances to assemble, construct and operate robots, which will stimulate my interest in learning and train my comprehensive ability. It can also develop my intelligence and train my innovative spirit.

All in all, as a crazy learner, I think my enthusiasm and full sense of responsibility will make me a qualified club member. 【解析】 【分析】

本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一篇日记。

【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇日记；假设你是明启中学的高三学生王蕾，学校正在招募话剧团(drama club)和机器人社团(robot blub)新成员，你在日记中表达获知该消息时的感受，做出选择，并阐述理由。人称应为第一人称，时态应为一般现在时、一般将来时。

be taking in new members,consider joining 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：（正在招募新成员）them（考虑加入），be fond of=be deeply interested in（对……感兴趣），perform（表演），assemble, construct and operate robots（组装、建造和操作机器人），comprehensive ability（综合能力）等。 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者使用了较多的高级表达方式为文章增色不少，比如非谓语动词做状语Knowing that Drama Club and Robot Club are taking in new members, I am excited and consider joining them.；Joining Drama Club, I will have chances to put on performances on different occasions…；

定语从句make many friends who have the same interest with me.；…which will stimulate my interest in learning and train my comprehensive ability.；宾语从句I think my enthusiasm and full sense of responsibility will make me a qualified club member. 全文中没有中国式英语的句式，长短句灵活运用，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。